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If you have ever studied for a networking certification (CCNA, Network+, JNCIA), you have faced the same cold sweat-inducing question: “You have a Class B network, need 50 subnets, and 1,000 hosts per subnet. What is the mask?”

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1. Network address: 192.168.1.0
2. Broadcast address: 192.168.1.255
3. Number of hosts: 254 (2^8 - 2)
4. Subnet mask in CIDR notation: /24

The Powers of 2

Memorize these values; they are the key to all subnetting: Why “IP Subnetting Exercises and Solutions PDF” Is

2. Binary basics (how to think about subnetting)

• Convert each octet to 8-bit binary.
• Masks have contiguous 1s from left; remaining bits are 0s.
• Number of host bits = 32 − prefix. Number of hosts = 2^(host bits) − 2 (exclude network & broadcast when applicable).
• Subnet increment = 256 − value of the mask’s last non-255 octet (e.g., 255.255.255.224 → increment 32).

Exercise 4